In this case the <include> is at the start of the file, so that is not necessary. Anyway, now he realises he wasn't using his modified file.no, i had the same problems when i started. includes replace everything in the file they are included. so, for beginneres it is best you remove the include and put everything from the include into the base file and then change the stuff you want. that way nothing gets overwritten. you are on the right path ;-)